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Small Business Cybersecurity Protection Checklist

Foundational Security Measures

  • Use strong passwords:
  • Minimum 12 characters (mix letters, numbers, symbols).
  • Never reuse passwords across accounts.
  • Enable multi-factor authentication (MFA):
  • Require MFA for email, banking, and cloud tools (e.g., Google Authenticator).
  • Secure Wi-Fi networks:
  • Change default router passwords.
  • Use WPA3 encryption; hide network name (SSID) if possible.

Employee Training & Policies

  • Educate staff on phishing:
  • Train employees to spot suspicious emails/links (test them with mock phishing drills).
  • Implement a password policy:
  • Use a password manager (e.g., Bitwarden, 1Password) for team access.
  • Limit access controls:
  • Grant employees only the data/tools they need (principle of least privilege).

Device & Software Protection

  • Install antivirus/anti-malware:
  • Use reputable tools (e.g., Malwarebytes, Norton) on all devices.
  • Keep software updated:
  • Enable automatic updates for OS, apps, and plugins (especially browsers).
  • Secure mobile devices:
  • Require passcodes, remote wipe, and VPNs for company phones/tablets.

Data Backup & Recovery

  • Back up critical data:
  • Follow the 3-2-1 rule: 3 copies, 2 formats (cloud + external drive), 1 offsite.
  • Use automated cloud backups (e.g., Backblaze, Carbonite).
  • Test backups quarterly:
  • Ensure files can be restored quickly after ransomware/attacks.

Financial & Transaction Security

  • Protect payment systems:
  • Use PCI-compliant processors (e.g., Stripe, Square); never store card data.
  • Monitor bank accounts:
  • Set up alerts for unusual transactions; reconcile accounts weekly.

Advanced Protections (If Budget Allows)

  • Use a firewall:
  • Hardware firewall for offices; software firewall for remote workers.
  • Encrypt sensitive data:
  • Enable BitLocker (Windows) or FileVault (Mac) for company devices.
  • Consider cyber insurance:
  • Covers costs of breaches, ransomware, and legal fees.

Incident Response Plan

  • Prepare for breaches:
  • Designate a response team (who to call: IT, lawyer, insurer).
  • Document steps to isolate threats and notify customers if required by law.
  • Report incidents:
  • File a report with IC3 (U.S.) or local cybercrime units.

Free Resources for Small Businesses

Key Reminders

  • Start simple: MFA + backups block 90% of threats.
  • Think like a hacker: What data would they target? (Customer info, bank logins.)
  • Review annually: Cyber threats evolve—update defenses yearly.
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